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Rest → load, working range

Joint angles · start → finish

Torso
6.0° → 10.0°
Hip
16.0° → 28.0°
Knee
18.0° → 38.0°
Shoulder
70.0° → 76.0°
Elbow
116.0° → 120.0°
Neck
-2.0° → -2.0°

Lifting & carries

Sandbag Front Carry

5 × 30 m hugging the bag at chest height. Reset the position rather than round the back.

Difficulty 3 of 57.2 METs · Vigorous

Equipment

  • Sandbag

Muscle groups worked

  • Core
  • Scapular push
  • Glutes

What it buys you

A sandbag shifts and settles like a person does. It is the closest loaded rehearsal for a supported lift.

Capacity trained

Strength. Posterior chain and trunk endurance under load. Holds position without fatigue or compensation.

Energy

Modelled kilocalories

Modelled energy cost for Sandbag Front Carry at 10, 20, 30 and 45 minutes for both reference bodies
Reference body10 min20 min30 min45 min
Male reference · 82 kg103 kcal207 kcal310 kcal465 kcal
Female reference · 68 kg86 kcal171 kcal257 kcal386 kcal

Energy figures are modelled from standard activity MET values (Ainsworth Compendium, 2011) and the ACSM equation, not measured on you. They scale linearly with your own body mass, so a body 10% heavier burns about 10% more at the same intensity.

kcal = METs × 3.5 × bodyweight(kg) ÷ 200 × minutes (ACSM)

Load is effort, not pain. If a movement hurts rather than works, stop and see a clinician. Lifting another person is strength training with a person-shaped load — build the pattern unloaded first.

Honest framing

Training makes a posture available and sustainable. It is capability work, not a treatment for anything, and no single session changes a number. Consistency over eight weeks does.

Free PQ assessment · 6 min

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